NERICAとは

詳細は,Sekiya et al. (2013)Sekiya et al. (2015)Sekiya et al. (2015)を参照。

NERICA(New Rice for Africa)はWest Africa Rice Development Association(WARDA,現Africa Rice Centre: AfricaRice)が育成したアジア稲(Oryza sativa)とアフリカ稲(Oryza glaberrima)の種間交雑品種です(Jones et al., 1997a, 1997b; Balasubramanian et al., 2007).NERICAは潜在的に4~7 t/haも収穫可能で,天水条件でもよく生育します(AfricaRice, 2008).また,様々な環境条件下で高収性を発揮したことも報告されています.例えば,ベニンでは2.5 t/ha(Saito et al., 2010),ナイジェリアでは2.8–4.3 t/ha(Kamara et al., 2010),ウガンダでは 2.0–3.3 t/ha(Kijima et al., 2008; Kijima et al., 2010)という収量が報告されています.しかも,この品種群は,90~100日で収穫できる早生品種です(Balasubramanian et al., 2007; AfricaRice, 2008).NERICAの早生性と高収性を上手く活かせば,タンザニアだけではなくアフリカ全体で天水稲作の生産性が向上すると期待されています(Nwanze et al., 2006; Balasubramanian et al., 2007).そこで私は,NERICAをタンザニアで普及するために, 一連の活動を実施しました.

引用文献

AfricaRice. 2008. NERICA: the New Rice for Africa – a Compendium.

Balasubramanian, V., Sie, M., Hijmans, R. J. and Otsuka, K. 2007. Increasing rice production in sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities. Adv. Agron. 94: 55-133.

Jones, M. P., Dingkuhn, M., Aluko, G. K. and Semon, M. 1997a. Interspecific Oryza sativa L. x O. Glaberrima Steud. progenies in upland rice improvement. Euphytica 92: 237-246.

Jones, M. P., Mande, S. and Aluko, K. 1997b. Diversity and potential of Oryza glaberrima Steud. in upland rice breeding. Breeding Sci. 47: 395-398.

Kamara, A. Y., Ekeleme, F., Omoigui, L. O., Oikeh, S. O., Chikoye, D. and Tegbaru, A. 2010. Response of upland rice cultivars to nitrogen fertilizer in the savannas of Nigeria. Agon. J. 102: 333-339.

Kijima, Y., Otsuka, K. and Sserunkuuma, D. 2008. Assessing the impact of NERICA on income and poverty in central and western Uganda. Agr. Econ. 38: 327-337.

Kijima, Y., Otsuka, K. and Sserunkuuma, D. 2010. An inquiry into constraints on a Green Revolution in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of NERICA rice in Uganda. World Dev. 39: 77-86.

Nwanze, K. F., Mohapatra, S., Kormawa, P., Keya, S. and Bruce-Oliver, S. 2006. Rice development in sub-Saharan Africa. J. Sci. Food. Agr. 86: 675-677.

Saito, K., Azoma, K. and Rodenburg, J. 2010. Plant characteristics associated with weed competitiveness of rice under upland and lowland conditions in West Africa. Field Crops Res. 116: 308-317.