二か月ぶりの水田勉強会。作物収量はその吸収した日射量から予測可能。近接した水田に同一品種が栽培されれば、日射量に差が出ないので、ほぼ同様な水稲収量になる。ところが、傾斜、畦畔、水路、管理技術によって水田の土壌水分状態は圃場ごとに大きく変異。水稲は、根系の生理と形態を大きく変動させて土壌水分の変動に対応し、地上部生育を安定させている可能性。その強力な除草力で、いまや農業だけではなく、一般家庭でもお馴染みのグリホサート系除草剤。ところが、世界各地で抵抗性雑草が出現し、2020年以降には三重県内でも。処理部位からの移行を抑制したり、作用点の遺伝変異による抵抗性を発現するという。本日も総合水田学。
関谷(国際資源植物学)
「水稲は地下部を変化させて地上部を安定させる?」
内野様(中日本農研)
「グリホサート抵抗性雑草のメカニズムと日本の状況」
Rice cultivation study group after two months. Crop yield can be predicted from the amount of solar radiation absorbed. If the same variety is cultivated in adjacent paddy fields, there will be no difference in solar radiation, resulting in almost similar rice yields. However, the soil moisture conditions of paddy fields vary greatly from field to field due to slopes, ridges, waterways, and management techniques. Rice plants may be stabilizing their above-ground growth by greatly varying the physiology and morphology of their root systems in response to fluctuations in soil moisture. Glyphosate-based herbicides, with their powerful weed-killing ability, are now familiar not only in agriculture but also in general households. However, resistant weeds have appeared in various parts of the world, and since 2020, they have also been found in Mie Prefecture, Japan. It is said that these weeds express resistance by suppressing translocation from the treated area or through genetic variations at the site of action. Today’s topic is also comprehensive paddy field studies.
Sekiya (Global Plant Resource Science): “Do rice plants change their underground parts to stabilize their above-ground parts?”
Uchino (Central Japan Agricultural Research Center): “Mechanisms of glyphosate-resistant weeds and the situation in Japan”
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